4 Types of Endocrine Disruptors
The term endocrine disruptor is something you hear a lot when it comes to conception—but do you really know what it means, or where they’re found?
Let’s break it down. In this post, I’ll explain what endocrine disruptors are, how they affect reproductive health, and introduce you to four common types that show up in everyday life.
What Are Endocrine Disruptors?
Endocrine disruptors are environmental toxins found in common products that can interfere with our hormonal system. They do this by mimicking or blocking normal hormonal processes, which can result in hormonal imbalances—such as over- or under-production of key reproductive hormones.
When it comes to fertility, exposure to endocrine disruptors can:
Affect menstrual cycle length
Disrupt ovulation
Decrease egg and sperm quality
Contribute to early menopause or infertility
How the Endocrine System Works
Our endocrine system is made up of glands that produce hormones and release them into the bloodstream. These include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid, ovaries, and testes.
These hormones act as chemical messengers to help regulate:
Growth
Metabolism
Reproduction
Mood
When it comes to conception, the most important glands are:
Ovaries, which produce eggs and secrete oestrogen and progesterone (essential for menstruation and pregnancy)
Testes, which produce testosterone and other androgens (important for sperm production)
Pituitary gland and thyroid, which also play critical roles in regulating reproductive hormones
4 Types of Endocrine Disruptors
You might assume that endocrine disruptors only come from pesticides or heavy metals—but they’re actually found in a surprising number of everyday products. Here are four of the most common types to watch out for:
1. Phthalates
(Pronounced THAL-eights)
Phthalates are used to make plastics more flexible and durable. You’ll find them in:
Plastic packaging and containers
Shower curtains, vinyl flooring, and furnishings
Nail polish, perfumes, shampoos, and cosmetics
Fragranced products like cleaning sprays and laundry detergent
⚠️ Phthalates aren’t permanently bound to these materials—they can slowly release into the air or leach into food and skin over time.
2. Bisphenols
Bisphenols (especially BPA) are commonly used in making plastics and epoxy resins. They are found in:
Plastic drink bottles, food containers, takeaway containers
Cooking utensils and kitchenware
Paints and home furnishings
The lining of canned foods and beverages
Thermal paper receipts (like EFTPOS)
⚠️ BPA mimics oestrogen and may affect hormone-sensitive processes like ovulation and sperm development.
3. Parabens
Parabens are preservatives used in many beauty, food, and pharmaceutical products to prevent bacteria and extend shelf life. You’ll see them in:
Shampoos and conditioners
Skincare, cosmetics, and perfumes
Soft drinks, sauces, and syrups
Household cleaners
⚠️ Parabens mimic oestrogen and may interfere with menstrual regulation and fertility.
4. PFAS (Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances)
PFAS are synthetic chemicals that repel water, grease, and stains. They’re long-lasting and break down very slowly in the environment and body.
You’ll find them in:
Non-stick cookware
Waterproof fabrics (umbrellas, raincoats)
Stain-resistant furnishings
Waterproof makeup (like mascara)
Some dental floss
⚠️ PFAS have been linked to hormone disruption, immune issues, and reproductive harm.
Everyday Exposure Is Common
Now that you know about these four types of endocrine disruptors, it’s easy to see how we’re exposed to them daily—often without even realising.
You might be wondering: how can I reduce my exposure?
I’ll be sharing a follow-up blog next week on practical lifestyle switches to help you lower your exposure to these hormone-disrupting chemicals.
In the meantime, consider:
Swapping plastic for glass in food storage and drink bottles
Avoiding reheating food in plastic containers
Reading labels on beauty, personal care, and cleaning products
Choosing fragrance-free or naturally scented options
Being cautious with non-stick cookware and canned foods
If you’d like to discuss how these changes might support your fertility, or get tailored guidance, please reach out to us at Sydney Natural Fertility. We’re here to help you create healthy eggs and sperm for optimal conception.
Reference
CHEM Trust (2024). EDCs: The Facts. The Endocrine System and Endocrine Disruptors. https://chemtrust.org/endocrine-system/
